Key word: Chitosan, aldehyde, quaternary ammonium, waste shrimp, antibacterial
Susilowati Endang, Maryani, M. Masykuri
LPPM UNS, DP2M, Penelitian, Hibah Bersaing, 2009
This research develope technique of modified chitosan antibacterial syntesis deal with aldehide side-groups and quartenary ammonium which have a high activity and soluble in water, as the result is widening use in farmacy and medical aplications.
Syntesis are done trough deacetilation, aldehyde substitutions, and quaternary ammonium substitutions. Characterizaton of chitosan products consists of water, niteogen and ash contents, deacetilation orde, molecule weight (MW), viscosity, solubility, bulky density, water bonding capacity (WBC) and fat bonding capacity (FBC),. And, characterization of quartenary ammonium-substitued chitosan consists of substitution order and chemical structure (FTIR and NMR). The surface morfology of chitosan and their modified chitosan products are observed by SEM, and their termal characters are observed by TGA-DTA. Antibacterial activity test is done using diffusion methods on S-Aureus gram-positives and E-Coli gram-negatives bacteria. The bacteria which have been tested are standard and clinical isolate bacteria.
From this research, it could be deduced : 1). Chitosan products, aldehyde modified chitosan have been produced with formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propioaldehyde and benzaldehyde chain long-variation, and antibacterial substances of quarternary ammonium and aldehyde modified chitosan, 2). Chitosan products which have been produced have good physical characteristics namely deactivation order 88.8 % and repeat unit average molecular weights 165.85. 3). Visual oservable product of chitosan products is white granulled powder; aldehyde modified chitosan is white, coarse granule; quarternary ammonium substitued chitosan is turbid solution. 4). On chemical structure aspects, chitosan products, aldehyde modified chitosan, and quarternary ammonium sustitued chitosan have been proven from FTR and NMR-H analysis.5). Chitosan and aldehyde modified chitosan have two stage thermal decomposition on range of temperture between 240 – 300 oC and 315 – 390 oC. 6). On surface morphological aspects, chitosan and aldehyde modified chitosan have a homogenous, dense, and porous surface morphology. So, they have a great adsorbtion to fluids and gases. 7). Chitosan proucts and modified chitosan have a good anti bacterial activities in which they have inhibiting diameter between 10 mm to 24 mm for S. Aureus gram positive bacteria and 10 mm to 21 mm for E. Coli gram-positive bacteria, both standard and clinical isolate bacteria.